Universities Europe

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European universities date from the founding of the University of Bologna in 1088 or the University of Paris (c. 1150–70). The original medieval universities arose from the Roman Catholic Church schools. Their purposes included training professionals, scientific investigation, improving society, and teaching critical thinking and research. External influences, such as Renaissance humanism (c. mid-14th century), the discovery of the New World (1492), the Protestant Reformation (1517), the Age of Enlightenment (18th century), and the recurrence of political revolution, enhanced the importance of human rights and international law in the university curricula. In the 19th and 20th centuries, European universities concentrated upon science and research, their structures and philosophies having shaped the contemporary university. The French Ecole Polytechnique was established in 1794 by the mathematician Gaspard Monge during the Revolution, and it became a military academy under Napoleon I in 1804. The German university — the Humboldtian model — established by Wilhelm von Humboldt was based upon Friedrich Schleiermacher's liberal ideas about the importance of freedom, seminars, and laboratories, which, like the French university model, involved strict discipline and control of every aspect of the university. In the 19th and 20th centuries, the universities concentrated upon science, but were not open to the general populace until after 1914. Moreover, until the end of the 19th century, religion exerted a significant, limiting influence upon academic curricula and research, by when the German university model had become the world standard. Elsewhere, the British also had established universities world-wide, thus making higher education available to the world's populaces.

Article Title : History of European universities
Article Snippet :European universities date from the founding of the University of Bologna in 1088 or the University of Paris (c. 1150–70). The original medieval universities
Article Title : Medieval university
Article Snippet :the towns of Europe in the course of the eleventh and twelfth centuries. "10 of the Oldest Universities in the World". Top Universities. 2016-09-16. Archived
Article Title : European Higher Education Area
Article Snippet :by 2024, of some twenty European universities"; in fact, 64 European Universities alliances are now active all across Europe. These alliances are networks
Article Title : List of oldest universities in continuous operation
Article Snippet :The universities of France were abolished and over half of the universities in both Germany and Spain were destroyed. By the mid 19th century, Europe had
Article Title : University
Article Snippet :teachers and scholars". Universities typically offer both undergraduate and postgraduate programs. The first universities in Europe were established by Catholic
Article Title : Lists of universities and colleges by country
Article Snippet :for-profit universities and colleges List of largest universities and university networks by enrollment Lists of universities and colleges World Universities and
Article Title : League of European Research Universities
Article Snippet :League of European Research Universities (LERU) is a consortium of European research universities. The League of European Research Universities (LERU) is
Article Title : List of universities in Europe founded after 1945
Article Snippet :modern universities in Europe since 1945 comprises all universities which have been founded in Europe since the end of World War II. No universities were
Article Title : A History of the University in Europe
Article Snippet :medieval universities List of early modern universities in Europe List of modern universities in Europe (1801–1945) List of universities in Europe founded
Article Title : Europe
Article Snippet :Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere. It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north

The Association of American Universities (AAU) is a nonprofit 501(c)(3) organization of 62 leading public and private research universities in the United States and Canada. Founded in 1900 to advance the international standing of U.S. research universities, AAU today focuses on issues that are important to research-intensive universities, such as funding for research, research policy issues, and graduate and undergraduate education. AAU member universities are on the leading edge of innovation, scholarship, and solutions that contribute to the nation's economy, security, and well-being. The 60 AAU universities in the United States award more than one-half of all U.S. doctoral degrees and 55 percent of those in the sciences and engineering. AAU programs and projects address institutional issues facing its member universities, as well as government actions that affect these and other universities. AAU works to maintain the productive partnership between the nations research universities and the federal government. The major activities of the association include federal government relations, policy studies, and public affairs. Membership in the association is by invitation.

Member Institutions and Years of Admission

Boston University (2012) Brandeis University (1985) Brown University (1933) California Institute of Technology (1934) Carnegie Mellon University (1982) Case Western Reserve University (1969) Columbia University (1900) Cornell University (1900) Duke University (1938) Emory University (1995) Georgia Institute of Technology (2010) Harvard University (1900) Indiana University (1909) Iowa State University (1958) The Johns Hopkins University (1900) Massachusetts Institute of Technology (1934) McGill University (1926) Michigan State University (1964) New York University (1950) Northwestern University (1917) The Ohio State University (1916) The Pennsylvania State University (1958) Princeton University (1900) Purdue University (1958) Rice University (1985) Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey (1989) Stanford University (1900) Stony Brook University-The State University of New York (2001) Texas A&M University (2001) Tulane University (1958) The University of Arizona (1985) University at Buffalo, The State University of New York (1989) University of California, Berkeley (1900) University of California, Davis (1996) University of California, Irvine (1996) University of California, Los Angeles (1974) University of California, San Diego (1982) University of California, Santa Barbara (1995) The University of Chicago (1900) University of Colorado Boulder (1966) University of Florida (1985) University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (1908) The University of Iowa (1909) The University of Kansas (1909) University of Maryland, College Park (1969) University of Michigan (1900) University of Minnesota, Twin Cities (1908) University of Missouri-Columbia (1908) The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (1922) University of Oregon (1969) University of Pennsylvania (1900) University of Pittsburgh (1974) University of Rochester (1941) University of Southern California (1969) The University of Texas at Austin (1929) University of Toronto (1926) University of Virginia (1904) University of Washington (1950) The University of Wisconsin-Madison (1900) Vanderbilt University (1950) Washington University in St. Louis (1923) Yale University (1900)

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